Amy  lr*^■Y 

COUI  '.  .  _ 


BLAWFORMS 


FOR 


ROADS  AND  STREETS 


Illustrating  and  Describing  the 
Use  of  Blaw  Steel  Forms  in 
the  Construction  of 

Concrete  Hoads,  Brick  Roads, 
Bituminous  Roads,  Curbs, 
Combined  Curb  and  Gutter, 
Gutters,  Integral  Curb  for 
Concrete  Pavements, 


Sidewalks 


BLAW-KNOX  COMPANY 


GENERAL  OFFICES:  PITTSBURGH,  PA. 


NEW  YORK 
165  Broadway 


DISTRICT  SALES  OFFICES 

CHICAGO 
Peoples  Gas  Building 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
Monadnock  Building 


BOSTON 
Little  Building 


DETROIT 
Lincoln  Building 


"Let  me  live  in  a  house 
by  the  side  ot  the  road 
and  be  a  triend  of  man" 


Blctiuform^  for  Rocrdsf  and  Sireot^ 


F  ore  word 

WOOD,  as  a  form  material,  never  was 
ultimately  most  economical. 

Its  lower  first  cost  has  always  been  off¬ 
set  by  waste,  stealth,  and  extremely  high 
form  labor  cost. 

Blaw  Steel  Forms,  on  the  other  hand, 
are  profitable  equipment,  not  wasteful 
material 

Blaw  Steel  Forms  are  absolutely  essen¬ 
tial  in  the  construction  of  modern  roads 
and  streets. 

Without  them  the  new  methods  of 
mechanical  subgrading  and  finishing  would 
be  impractical,  or  at  least  extremely 
uneconomical. 

With  Blaw  Steel  Forms  it  is  possible  to 
construct  the  most  intricate  designs  of 
curb,  curb  and  gutter,  integral  curb  and 
pavement,  bituminous  surfaced  road,  etc., 
much  more  cheaply  than  in  any  other  way. 

Bemember  that  skilled  labor  is  almost 
entirely  eliminated  when  you  use  Blaw- 
forms.  And  that  there  is  a  Blaw  Steel  Form 
for  every  type  of  concrete  construction. 
Let  Blaw  form  your  concrete! 


Catalogue  19 


Copyright  1920,  Blaw-Knox  Company 


10  Ft.  Sections  of  the  Three  Types  of  Blawforms  for  Roads  and  Streets 


The  Blaw  Slip-Joint  Connection  on 
Universal  Forms — 0])en 


The  Blaw  Sli{)-Joint  Connection  on 
Special  Road  Forms — fdosed 


Any  section  of  Bkmforms  can  t)e  removed 
from  the  tine  without  disturbing  adjacent 
sections,  by  untocking  the  Stip-, Joint  Con¬ 
nections  hotding  it  in  ptace. 

In  concrete  road  construction  this  feature 
is  invatuabte,  because  the  forms  can  be 
opened  at  any  point  to  permit  the  entrance 
of  trucks  or  wagons. 


Four 


Blawform^  for  T^ocidl3  and  Streets 


Types  of  Forms 

There  are  three  types  of  Blawforms  for  road  and  street  con¬ 
struction;  viz.,  the  Universal  type  Forms,  and  two  types  of 
Special  Road  Forms. 

All  types  are  intrinsically  the  same,  and  are  used  on  all  kinds  of 
road  and  street  construction. 

Universal  Forms  are  peculiarly  fitted  to  the  needs  of  the  con¬ 
tractor  who  desires  equipment  that  can  be  used  on  all  kinds  of 
street  work  (curb,  curb  and  gutter,  gutter,  sidewalks,  and  integral 
curb  for  concrete  pavements),  and  for  certain  kinds  of  road  work 
(monolithic  and  sand  cushioned  brick  roads,  bituminous  and 
asphalt  surfaced  roads  on  concrete  base). 

Type  B  Special  Road  Forms  are  recommended  for  the  con¬ 
struction  of  hand,  roller,  or  belt  finished  concrete  roads. 

The  extra  heavy  Type  C  Special  Road  Forms  are  a  necessity 
on  roads  where  the  subgrading  or  finishing  operations,  or  both, 
are  accomplished  mechanically. 

All  types  are  interchangeable,  and  can  be  used  together  with¬ 
out  the  use  of  special  appliances. 

The  construction,  and  the  application  of  these  three  types  of 
forms  to  road  and  street  work  are  described  and  illustrated  in  the 
following  pages. 

The  Blaw  Slip-Joint  Connection 

The  patented  Blaw  Slip-Joint  Connection,  the  means  of  con¬ 
necting  adjoining  forms  together  and  of  providing  a  tight,  stiff,  and 
smooth  joint,  is  simply  a  “slide”  which  functions  much  the  same 
as  an  angle  bar  on  a  railroad  rail,  but  has  the  advantage  of  being 
smaller,  lighter,  and  simpler,  and  is  an  integral  part  of  each  rail. 
There  are  no  loose  parts. 

This  connection  locks  adjoining  rails  together,  positively  and 
securely,  and  will  operate  easily  and  quickly  at  all  times.  It  is 
the  only  practical  connection  that  will  withstand  the  side  pres¬ 
sure  and  tendency  to  spread  developed  by  finishing  and  sub¬ 
grading  machines. 

This  connection  is  sufficiently  flexible  to  allow  for  change  of 
grade  or  alignment  without  affecting  the  rigidity  of  the  joint. 
An  added  assurance  against  any  movement  is  provided  by  the 
Blaw  System  of  staking  on  each  side  of  the  joint. 

_ 


Five 


^lcruj/oz'Tn3  lor  Roadsi  and  Streotsf 


Blaw  Universal  Forms  on  Brick  Paved  Concrete  Road  Construction.  Combined 
Curb  and  Gutter  on  tbe  Left,  and  Integral  Curb  and  Base  on  tbe  Right 


Universal  Forms  are  so  called, 
because  Ihey  are  "'universal  '  in 
applicalion — Ihey  are  jusl  as 
adaplable  lo  curb,  guller,  com¬ 
bined  curb  and  guller  and  inle- 
gral  curb  conslruclion,  as  Ihey 
o  .  rT,,  TT  .  . lo  sidewalk  work. 

10  rt.  Section  of  Blaw  Universal  rorins 


Six 


Blccuj£orzn&  for  l^ocid3  and  Streot^ 


Blaw  Universal  Forms 

The  Universal  Forms  are  channel  shaped  rails,  made  of  special 
hlne  annealed  open  hearth  steel  plate  for  the  smaller  sizes, 
and  ^4"  for  forms  15"  in  height  and  over)  in  various  lieiglits  from 
I"  to  21".  All  rails  have  flanges  (2"  \vide  for  rails  up  to  15" 
high,  and  3"  wide  for  lieights  over  15")  at  top  and  hottom. 

Slots  spaced  12"  a])art  are  provided  in  the  top  flange,  for 
dividing  plates,  so  that  expansion  joints  can  be  made  wherever 
desired.  When  so  ordered,  the  forms  can  be  furnished  “withont 
slots” — this  is  advisable  where  the  forms  are  used  only  for  the 
certain  types  of  road  building  for  wliich  Universal  Forms  are 
recommended,  as  exj)lained  on  pages  13,  15  and  17. 

The  standard  length  is  10  ft.  which  has  been  found  to  he  the 
most  economical  to  handle.  Shorter  lengths  (particularly  5  ft. 
lengths)  are  used  to  take  care  of  short  curves.  For  sharp  curves, 
and  where  the  radius  changes  frequently,  Blaw  Flexible  Forms, 
described  on  page  33,  are  used.  Blaw  Radius  Forms  are  used 
where  many  repetitions  of  the  same  radius  are  encountered. 

Bolt  holes  are  punched  in  the  top  and  hottom  flanges,  so  that 
forms  of  any  desired  height  can  be  made  up  by  bolting  together 
the  proper  number  of  rails,  one  on  top  of  the  other.  The  height 
of  any  form  can  readily  he  increased  1"  or  2"  by  simply  bolting 
1  X  Fs  or  2  X  I’s  to  the  hottom  flanges. 

The  rails  are  so  designed  that  forms  for  any  shape  or  width  of 
curb,  gutter,  combined  curb  and  gutter,  sidewalk,  or  integral 
curl)  for  concrete  ])avement  and  base  can  he  l)nilt,  recjniring  only 
the  necessary  dividing  plates  or  angle  Spacers. 

Three  stake  cli])s  are  riveted  to  the  top  flange  of  each  10  ft. 
section,  and  are  so  arranged  that  the  stakes,  when  properly 
driven,  will  not  interfere  with  finishing  oiierations. 

Three  steel  stakes  of  the  proper  length  are  furnished  with  each 
10  ft.  section. 

Universal  Forms  are  interchangeahle  with  Special  Road  Forms, 
and  require  no  special  ajipliances. 


Seven 


BlcciufojrmS  £oi*  'Rocxdsl  and  Streets! 


Type  B  Special  Road  Forms  on  the  Lincoln  Highway  in  Illinois 


10  Ft.  Section  of  Typo  R  Rlaw  Special 
Road  Forms 


Blaw  Special  Road  Forms,  of 
either  type,  assure  an  unwavering, 
uniformly  smooth  road  surface, 
because  they  are  scientificatly  de¬ 
signed  and  the  top  flange  is 
property  reinforced  to  withstand 
hard  service  and  ordinary  abuse. 


Eight 


Blccwforzn^  for  'Road ^  and  Sireot^ 


Blaw  Special  Road  Forms 

Type  B  Special  Road  Forms  are  designed  especially  for  use  on 
concrete  roads,  and  roads  having  a  concrete  base,  where  the 
finishing  is  accomplished  by  belt,  roller,  or  other  hand  operated 
devices. 

They  are  practically  identical  in  design  and  construction  with  Type  C 
Special  Road  Forms.  The  bottom  flange  is  flat,  3}/i"  wide,  designed  to  give 
sufficient  bearing  surface;  the  top  flange  is  ^3^"  wide  with  at"  stiffening 
edge,  making  a  very  substantial  and  absolutely  smooth  track.  Type  B 
Special  Road  Forms  are  made  of  No.  10  gauge  blue  annealed  open  hearth 
steel  plate,  the  6"  size  weighing  approximately  G}/2  pounds  per  foot  net,  or 
73^  pounds  per  foot  including  the  steel  stakes. 

Type  C  (extra  heavy)  Special  Road  Forms  are  extremely  strong  and 
heavy,  and  are  used  where  subgrading  or  finishing  operations,  or  both,  are 
effected  by  means  of  machines. 

Type  C  forms  are  made  of  the  highest  grade  No.  9  gauge  blue  annealed 
open  hearth  steel  plate,  flanged  top  and  bottom  and  reinforced  with  heavy 
plates,  the  6"  size  weighing  approximately  7.8  pounds  per  foot  net,  or  9 
pounds  per  foot  including  the  stakes. 

The  bottom  flange  of  Type  C  Special  Road  Forms  is  flat,  4  "  wide,  designed 
to  give  great  bearing  surface;  the  top  flange  is  wide  with  a  1]/%" 

stiffening  edge,  making  a  very  substantial  and  absolutely  smooth  track. 

Three  steel  stakes  of  the  proper  length  are  furnished  with  each  Special 
Road  Form.  These  stakes  pass  through  the  stake  straps  which  are  secui'ely 
fastened  to  the  reinforcing  plates. 

The  stake  straps  are  slotted  to  receive  tapered  keys  which  lock  the  forms 
to  the  stake,  securely  and  positively;  this  ingenious  arrangement  ties  the 
forms  to  the  ground,  firmly  holds  them  to  line  and  grade,  and  prevents  any 
movement  when  machines  are  being  operated.  This  arrangement  also 
makes  possible  the  supporting  of  the  form  against  the  vibration  developed 
by  machines,  prevents  any  oscillation  or  movement  of  the  forms,  and  at  the 
same  time  causes  the  stake  to  act  like  the  buttress  of  a  retaining  wall,  holding 
the  form  in  position  against  the  overturning  action  which  the  machines 
develop. 

The  bolt  holes  in  the  flanges  make  it  possible  to  build  forms  for  integral 
curb  and  pavement  or  base,  by  simply  bolting  Blaw  Universal  Forms  to 
the  Special  Road  Forms. 

Six-inch  forms  can  be  readily  converted  into  7"  or  8"  forms  by  bolting 
1  X  4’s  or  2  X  4’s  to  the  bottom  flanges,  bolt  holes  being  provided  for  this 
purpose. 

These  forms  are  furnished  in  various  heights,  and  the  standard  length  is 
10  ft.,  which  has  been  found  to  be  the  most  economical  to  handle  and  to 
meet  the  ordinary  curvatures  encountered  in  road  building.  The  10  ft. 
lengths  are  used  on  all  curves  with  radii  of  TSO  ft.  or  over;  5  ft.  lengths  are 
used  on  curves  up  to  130  ft.  and  not  below  65  ft.  radii. 


1  mil  fin  rm  si  £oi*  and 


Type  C  Special  Hoad  Forms  Under  a  Finishing  Machine  on 
Lincoln  Highway  Uonstriiction  in  Pennsylvania 


10  Ft.  Section  of  Type  C  Blaw  Special  Hoad  Forms 


The  holloni  flange  of  Ty  pe 
C  Special  Road  Forms  is 
flal,  T'  wide,  designed logive 
great  hearing  surface;  the 
top  flange  is  ity?"  wide 
irith  a  iff,”  stiffening  edge, 
making  a  very  sul)stanliat 
and  al>solutely  smooth 
track. 


Ten 


Blawforzn^  for  Road^  and  Streotsf 


Blawforins  on  (Concrete  Hoads 

111  the  construction  of  the  prevailing  tyjie  of  Itard  surfaced 
road — the  concrete  road — eitlier  type  of  S|)ecial  Road  Forms 
slionld  lie  used. 

The  extra  heavy  Type  C  Form  slioiild  lie  used  where  mechanical 
metliods  of  snhgrading  or  linishing  are  employed .  Tyjie  R  Forms  are 
most  economical  and  serviceable  on  all  belt  or  roller  linished  jobs. 

Universal  Type  Forms  have  been  and  can  be  used  on  hand 
linished  concrete  roads,  but  are  not  recommended  in  view  of  the 
present  rigid  specificalions  which  require  that  forms  present  an 
absolutely  smooth  surface  along  the  top  flange  (Universal  Forms 
are  slotted  in  order  to  take  dividing  [ilates  for  curb,  curb  and 
glitter,  and  other  similar  types  of  construction,  and  therefore 
do  not  meet  this  specification  completely). 

See  page  33  regarding  the  use  of  Rlaw  Flexible  and  Radius 
Forms. 

h]ngineers  throughout  the  country  realize  the  imjiortance  of 
having  a  form  that  will  maintain  continuously  an  absolutely 
smooth  surface,  and  wood  forms  are  therefore  being  abandoned 
everywhere,  because  the  roughness  and  unevenness  develojied  in 
the  to])  of  the  wood  form  is  transferred  to  the  surface  of  the  road, 
causing  a  bumpy,  irregular  and  very  undesirably  tinished  surface. 

\\  here  the  road  is  graded  or  finished  mechanically  it  is  of  vital 
importance  that  the  form  have  snllicient  bearing  area  in  the  bot¬ 
tom  flange  to  sustain  the  heavy  loads  and  the  oscillation  and  vi¬ 
bration  develojied.  Rlaw  Special  Road  Forms  are  designed  with 
an  extra  wide  bottom  to  support  these  loads  uniformly  and  with¬ 
out  any  movement  or  “give”  at  the  joints. 

In  order  to  meet  the  most  exacting  specifications  that  may  be 
written,  and  to  insure  the  engineer  and  the  contractor  a  form  that 
will  w  ithstand  the  abuses  that  occur  in  modern  road  construction, 
we  have  developed  a  form  of  special  design  with  reinforced  top 
flange,  with  three  stiffeners  in  each  rail,  with  a  special  method  of 
staking,  with  wide  bottom  flange  that  insures  uniform  bearing 
along  the  entire  length,  with  the  tight,  secure  patented  Slip- 
Joint  Connection — all  of  w  hich  are  embodied  in  the  two  types  of 
Flaw  Sjiecial  Road  Forms. 


Eleven 


Blaw  Universal  Forms  on  the  Biitler-Saxonhurg,  Pa.,  Sand  Cushioned  Briek  Road 


10  Ft.  Section  of  Universal  Forms 
for  Casting  Curb  Integral  with 
Base 

Note  the  Battered  Back  Form 


Simplicity  is  the  keynote  of  the  Btaw  System 
for  building  curb  integral  with  the  base. 

Small  Universal  Forms,  or  Blaw  Face  Forms 
{usually  high) ,  suspended  andspacedfrom 

Ihe  back  forms  by  means  of  ''Spacers”,  provide 
the  simplest  yet  the  most  practical  forms  ever 
devised  for  this  type  of  road  construction. 


Twelve 


BlctiuforznS  for  T^octd3  and.  Sireot^ 


Blawforms  on  Sand  Cushioned 
Brick  Roads 

Sand  cushioned  brick  roads  call  for  the  construction  of  a  curb 
cast  integral  with  the  base.  Angle  “Spacers”  quickly  convert 
Blaw  Universal,  or  Special  Road  Forms  of  either  type,  into  the 
most  simple  and  efficient  forms  for  building  integral  curb  and 
base  for  this  type  of  road. 

Spacers  are  made  of  special  steel  angles,  with  one  bolt  hole  in 
one  end,  and  two  notches  in  the  other  end.  They  are  furnished, 
for  any  width  of  curb,  at  a  nominal  price. 

Spacers  are  used  for  suspending  the  face 
form,  and  to  space  that  form  the  proper 
distance  from  the  back  form.  These  two  functions  are  shown 
very  clearly  in  the  illustrations. 

In  operation  the  Spacers  are  securely  fastened  to  the  smaller  or 
face  form,  and  are  never  removed  until  the  entire  job  is  com¬ 
pleted.  Bolts  are  passed  through  the  bolt  holes  provided  in  the 
flanges  of  all  Blawforms  and  in  the  one  end  of  all  spacers. 

After  the  higher  or  back  forms  have  been  set  up,  the  smaller  or  face  forms 
are  suspended  from  the  former  by  means  of  the  spacers;  one  notch  is 
slipped  under  bolts  which  have  been  placed  in  the  bolt  holes  in  the  top 
flanges  of  the  back  forms,  the  other  notch  fitting  around  the  stakes  which 
hold  the  back  forms  in  position,  after  which  these  bolts  are  drawn  up  tight. 

To  remove  the  face  forms  simply  loosen  (but  don’t  remove)  the  bolts, 
and  swing  back  the  spacers. 

No  stakes  are  used  on  the  face  forms;  they  need  no  support  as  they  are 
held  level  and  rigid  by  the  spacers,  three  of  which  should  be  used  on  every 
10  ft.  section. 

Dividing  plates  are  not  necessary,  but  can  be  used  if  specifications  call 
for  expansion  joints  through  the  curb. 

To  facilitate  the  finishing  of  the  curb  or 
curbing  without  removing  the  Spacers  and 
face  forms,  washers  are  inserted  between 
the  Spacers  and  the  top  flange  of  both  back 
and  face  forms. 

Blaw  Flexible  Forms  illustrated  on  page 
33  are  used  at  street  intersections  and  other 
places  where  it  is  not  practical  to  use  Uni¬ 
versal  or  Special  Road  Forms. 

When  the  specifications  require  mechani¬ 
cal  tamping,  the  usual  procedure  is  to  bolt 
the  curb  forms  on  top  of  the  base  forms, 
immediately  after  the  tamping  operations 
have  been  completed.  In  this  case.  Type 
C  Special  Road  Forms  are  used  at  the 
bottom,  and  Universal  Forms  for  the  curb. 


10  Ft.  Section  of  Forms,  Showing 
Universal  Forms  Bolted  to  Type 
G  Special  Road  Forms,  Carrying 
Blaw  Face  Forms 


m 


Blccujform^  £or  Road^  and  SiroGt^ 


Typo  G  Speciiil  Hoad  Forms  on  Monolithic  Brick  Uoad  at  Painesville,  Ohio 


Speed  of  ereelion  is  one  of 
the  prineipal  econoniical  fea¬ 
tures  of  Btaw  Speciat  Road 
Forms. 


Note  the  Heavy  Construction  and  Rigid 
Staking  of  Type  C  Forms 


Merety  set  eaeh  section  of 
the  forms  to  tine  horizontatty, 
drive  the  stakes,  then  tift  or 
depress  to  (jrade  tine,  and 
tock  the  form  in  position  by 
means  of  iredtje-shaped  keys. 


Fourteen 


Blccwform^  for  T^acid3  artel  Slreotsf 

Blawtbrms  on  Monolithic-Brick  Bonds 

The  moiiolithic-l)rick  is  tlie  most  modern  type  of  In’ick  road. 

After  the  base  lias  lieen  poured  and  tamped,  the  lirick  face  is 
laid  on  tlie  green  concrete,  grouted,  and  rolled  (or  tamped  by 
machine),  thus  assuming  a  monolithic  character  impervious  to 
moisture. 

Like  the  concrete  road,  the  monolithic-brick  road  requires 
no  curb. 

Llaw  Universal  Forms,  “without  slots,  ’  or  Sjiecial  Load 
Forms  of  either  type,  are  used  with  ecfually  good  residts.  The 
extra  heavy  Type  C  Special  Road  Forms  are  always  required 
when  the  tamjiing  (either  of  the  base  or  of  the  brick,  or  both 
operations)  is  done  mechanically. 

The  general  practice  is  to  use  forms  of  the  same  height  as  the 
road,  whether  tanqiing  is  done  liy  hand  or  by  machine. 

1die  use  of  Blaw  Flexible  and  Radius  Forms  in  road  construc¬ 
tion  is  exjilained  on  page  33. 

Steel  forms  are  usually  reejuired  in  specifications  covering 
monolithic-brick  roads. 

Blaw  Steel  Forms  insure  better  alignment  and  a  smoother 
finish  to  the  road  surface — they  represent  a  definite  economy 
because  they  eliminate  a  large  wood  form  liill  which  is  the  result 
of  frequent  re]ilacenient,  and  at  the  same  time  materially  reduce 
lalior  costs  by  jiractically  eliminating  skilled  labor. 

The  rigidity  of  IBawforms  is  an  absolute  assurance  of  true  and 
smooth  road  surfaces. 

ddiere  are  no  loose  parts  to  become  lost  or  get  out  of  order,  and 
all  types  are  interchangeable. 

riiey  are  simple  in  design  and  construction,  and  can  lie  set  up 
liy  unskilled  laborers  in  a  fraction  of  the  time  and  with  a  great 
deal  less  labor  than  required  for  ordinary  forms. 


Fifteen 


Blaujforzns  for  l^oad^  and  Streets 


Blaw  Header  Curbing  Forms  Casting  Integral  Base  and  Header  Curbing 
for  Bituminous  Surfaced  Boad 


For  hitiiminous  surfaced 
roads  requiring  no  header  curb¬ 
ing,  Blaiv  I'niversal  Forms 
'‘’icithout  slots"'  may  be  used. 

However,  either  Type  B  or 
Type  C  Special  Boad  Forms 
may  be  used. 


10  Ft.  Section  of  Forms,  Illustrating  the  Blaw 
System  for  Bittiminous  Surfaced  Concrete 
Hoad  Construction 


Sixteen 


Blawforzn^  for  l^oad3  and  Streets 


Blawforms  on  Bituminous  Surfaced 
Boads  on  Concrete  Base 

In  the  construction  of  bituminous  surfaced  roads  on  concrete 
base,  it  is  necessary  to  provide  a  curb  (commonly  known  as  the 
“header  curbing”)  integral  with  the  base,  for  containing  the 
surface  course. 

Blaw  Header  Curbing  Forms  consist  of  side  forms  of  the 
Universal  Type,  or  either  type  of  Special  Road  Forms,  from 
which  steel  Header  Curbing  Angles  are  suspended  by  means  of  the 
standard  Blaw  angle  “Spacers,”  just  like  Blawforms  for  Sand 
Cushioned  Brick  Roads  described  on  page  13.  Type  C  Special 
Road  Forms  should  be  used  when  the  subgrading  or  finishing  is 
accomplished  mechanically. 

After  the  forms  are  in  place,  the  concrete  is  poured,  making 
base  and  header  curbing  at  the  same  time. 

Blaw  Header  Curbing  Angles  are  made  of }/[  "steel,  either  2  "x2  " 
or  V/i"  X  2",  as  the  specifications  may  require  the  depth  of  the 
curbing.  As  they  are  punched  in  templets  and  are  therefore 
interchangeable,  they  can  be  used  in  connection  with  the  Blaw¬ 
forms  you  may  now  have. 

See  page  33  regarding  Blaw  Flexible  and  Radius  Forms. 

Because  of  the  simplicity  of  design,  Blaw  Steel  Forms  for 
Bituminous  Surfaced,  and  for  Sand  Cushioned  Brick  Road  con¬ 
struction  are  easy  to  erect  and  take  down ;  they  are  fool  proof, 
and  require  only  one  form  setter  and  one  assistant  to  operate.  A 
wooden  form  for  the  same  purpose  is  extremely  expensive  to  build 
and  maintain,  and  calls  for  drift  bolts,  clamps,  wood  spreaders, 
and  other  appliances,  which  must  be  handled  by  expert  car¬ 
penters  continuously. 

Blawforms,  of  any  type,  though  heavy  and  sturdy,  are  light 
enough  to  be  easily  handled. 

Their  simple  mechanical  features  insure  the  best  results  with 
minimum  effort. 

They  will  not  warp,  swell,  or  crack. 

They  are  quickly  and  easily  set  up  and  taken  down,  because  of 
the  patented  Slip-Joint  Connection,  and  simple,  positive  system 
of  staking.  The  Blaw  Slip-Joint  Connection  is  positive,  quick¬ 
acting,  and  self-cleaning,  and  assures  perfect  alignment  and 
absolute  rigidity. 

- - 


Seventeen 


Blau/form^  £or  and  Streets 


Road  Dividing  Plate 


Three  Roacl  Building  Accessories  that  are  Practically  Indispensahle 


The  Blaw  Stake  Puller,  a  Simple  Yet  Very 
l^llective  I’ool  that  Pays  for  Itself 
Every  Day  it  is  Used 


The  service  and  experience  of  the 
Blawfonns  Engineers,  acquired  by  inli- 
nmle  contact  icith  thousands  upon  thou¬ 
sands  of  concrete  construction  projects, 
are  at  your  disposat,  at  atl  times,  ivithout 
ohtiqation  to  you. 


Eigliteen 


Blawforzn^  £or  Raadsi  and  Streets 


Road  Building  Accessories 


BLAW  ]\OAD  lUJLKHEADS 

Blaw  l\oad  Bulkheads  are  made  of  flat  strips  of  steel 
j)late,  10"  high,  and  3^"  shorter  than  the  width  of  the  roads  for 
which  they  are  furnished. 

234  "angles  are  riveted  along  the  tops  to  facilitate  handling. 

At  the  end  of  a  day’s  run,  Blaw  Boad  Bulkheads  are 
indispensable. 

Bulkheads  of  other  sizes  and  types  can  be  furnished. 

BLAW  BOAD  DIVIDING  PLATES 

Blaw  Boad  Dividing  Plates  are  made  of  3^"  steel  plate,  cut  to 
the  required  road  crown,  with  a  hole  punched  in  each  end  to 
facilitate  removal.  The  standard  Blaw  Boad  Dividing  Plate  is 
2"  higher  at  the  center  than  at  the  ends,  and  3^"  shorter  than 
the  width  of  the  road  for  which  it  is  furnished.  Other  sizes  ami 
types  can  be  furnished. 

BLAW  STRIKE-OFFS 

The  Blaw  Strike-Off  is  made  of  a  l"x  I"  x^"  steel  angle, 
shaped  to  give  the  required  crown  to  the  road,  and  weighs 
approximately  8  lbs.  per  linear  foot. 

Horizontal  and  vertical  forged  steel  handles  are  provided  on 
each  end. 

These  strike-offs  are  all  two  feet  wider  than  the  road  for  which 
they  are  furnished. 

We  can  supply  strike-offs  in  accordance  with  individual 
preferences. 

THE  BLAW  STAKE  PULLEB 

This  is  an  ingenious  little  tool,  small,  comj)acL,  and  easy  to 
operate.  It  is  built  of  a  high  grade  tool  steel,  on  tlie  lever  and 
fulcrum  {U’inciple — the  jaws  will  not  wear  away. 

Its  ])urpose  is  to  ex])edite  the  pulling  of  stakes,  and  to  jmevent 
the  abuse  to  which  forms  are  usually  subjected  when  sledge¬ 
hammers,  clawbars,  and  other  makeshift  methods  are  enq)loyed. 

A  Blaw  Stake  Puller  will  save  your  form  setters  from  one  to 
three  hours  per  day. 

The  Blaw'  Stake  Puller  should  always  be  used  in  connection 
with  Blawforms  for  Road  and  Street  Construction. 


Nineteen 


Blctujfox^zn^  for  T^oad^  and  Sfroetsf 


Built  Up  for  18”  Concrete  Curb,  Erie,  Pa. 

The  ilhistration  above  u'ill  convey  io 
you  some  idea  of  the  adaptability — the 
"'universality  " — of  B I  a  w  Un  i  versa  I 
Forms. 

After  finishiiuj  the  18"  curb  fob,  the 
contractor  ivho  purchased  these  6"  forms 
used  them  on  quite  a  bit  of  road  construc¬ 
tion  u'ork. 


J’art  of  a  10  Kt.  Section  of  ^21”  Hlaw 
Universal  Forms  Set  Up  for 
Straight  Concrete  Curb 


The  forms  are  still  good  for  many  years' 
service. 


Twenty 


Blccwform^  for  T^octd3  and  Streotsf 


Concrete  Curb  Construction 

In  the  construction  of  concrete  curbs,  the  forms  are  made  up 
either  of  a  single  Blaw  Universal  Form  of  the  proper  height,  or  of 
a  number  of  Universal  Forms  bolted  together,  one  on  top  of  the 
other,  to  make  the  required  height. 

The  same  forms  are  used  for  battered  concrete  curbs,  the  batter 
being  formed  by  the  dividing  plates,  which  can  be  furnished  in 
any  size  and  shape,  as  described  on  page  35. 

Single  Blaw  Universal  Forms  12"  to  24"  in  height  are  used,  as 
a  rule,  only  in  cases  where  the  contractor  specializes  in  the  con¬ 
struction  of  one  size  of  curb,  or  has  an  unusually  large  job  on 
hand. 

Single  24"  forms  are  cheaper  than  a  number  of  smaller  ones 
bolted  together  to  make  the  same  height,  but  the  latter  can  be 
used  on  many  kinds  of  work — on  certain  types  of  roads,  on 
sidewalks,  gutters,  combined  curb  and  gutter,  integral  curb  for 
concrete  pavements,  etc. — and  will  therefore  prove  more  eco¬ 
nomical  in  the  long  run. 

Slots  are  provided  in  the  top  flanges  of  all  Universal  Forms, 
so  that  expansion  joints  can  be  made  wherever  desired  in  curbs 
cast  in  Blawforms. 

Dividing  Plates  of  any  cross  section  can  be  furnished,  as 
illustrated  on  page  34. 

Blaw  Flexible  Forms  are  used  at  street  intersections,  for  mak¬ 
ing  sharp  curves,  and  where  the  radius  changes  frequently. 
Blaw  Radius  Forms  are  used  where  a  constant  repetition  of  the 
same  radius  is  encountered.  These  two  types  of  Blawforms  are 
described  and  illustrated  on  pages  32  and  33. 

Radius  Forms  cannot  be  furnished  for  battered  curb  con¬ 
struction. 


Oiif  and  Two  (>"  Blaw  Idiiversal  Forms  IFiilt  Up  for  "2-t"  Uoiirndc  (  airh  Construction  Troy,  Oiiio 


Bart  of  a  10  Ft.  Section  of  Blaw  Universal  Forms 
Set  Up  for  18"  Battered  Concrete  Curb 


We  urgently  recommend  the  use 
of  Blaw  Collapsible  Dividing 
Plates  for  making  the  expansion 
joints  in  Battered  Concrete  Curbs 
IF)"  high  and  over. 

These  plates,  which  are  de¬ 
scribed  on  pages  iVi  and  35,  can  l)e 
removed  icithout  disturbing  the 
side  forms — a  procedure  hereto¬ 
fore  impossihle  in  Battered  Con¬ 
crete  Curb  Construction. 


Twenty-two 


Blctiuforitis  £or  l^ocid3  and  Streets 


Concrete  Curb  Construction 

(concluded) 

Unless  151aw  Collapsible  Dividing  Plates  (see  pages  34  and  35) 
are  used  on  battered  curbs,  it  is  always  necessary  to  remove  tlie 
battered  form  first  (before  the  dividing  plates),  l)ecaiise 
the  ordinary  dividing  plate  is  wider  at  the  bottom  than  at  the  top. 

As  the  dividing  plate  must  be  removed  before  the  concrete  has 
set,  it  is  often  dangerous  to  take  away  one  of  the  side  forms, 
especially  for  curbing  15"  high  and  over. 

The  Blaw  Collapsible  Dividing  Plate  for  battered  curbs  can  be 
removed  without  disturbing  the  side  forms.  The  use  of  these 
plates  is  an  insurance  against  distortion,  bulging,  or  failure. 

The  advantages  of  Blawforms  for  concrete  curb  construction 
can  be  clearly  seen.  Any  irregularity,  bulging,  or  break  in  align¬ 
ment  in  a  curb  rising  6"  above  the  pavement  can  be  quickly 
observed.  Hence  perfect  alignment  and  true  shape  are  im¬ 
perative. 

The  Blaw  System  of  locking  adjacent  forms  by  means  of  the 
patented  Slip- Joint  Connection  automatically  makes  possible 
perfect  alignment.  The  ingenious  dividing  plate,  which  pro¬ 
vides  for  the  expansion  joint,  also  locks  the  opposite  side  forms 
together,  and  this  insures  a  uniform  and  true  width  and  shape 
of  curb.  This,  together  with  the  Blaw  System  of  staking  the 
forms,  absolutely  prevents  bulging  or  failure. 

These  mechanical  features  make  unnecessary  the  expensive 
bracing,  the  use  of  spreaders  and  clamps,  the  cumbersome  stak¬ 
ing  and  more  burdensome  tearing  down  of  the  forms,  which  are 
necessary  when  wood  forms  are  used. 

Wood  forms  therefore  cost  more  to  handle.  This  saving  in 
labor  cost  will,  on  one  good  sized  job,  pay  for  the  investment  in 
Blawforms.  Blawforms  can  be  used  over  and  over  again 
indefinitely,  and  for  all  types  of  road  and  street  work. 


Twenty-three 


Blccujform^  foz*  l^oacl^  and  Streets 


Blaw  Universal  Forms  Used  in  Bnildiiif?  (ioinhined  Curb  and  Gutter,  also  Siilewalks.  Dormont,  Pa. 


Part  of  a  10  Ft.  Section  of  G"^Bla\v  Universal  Forms, 
with  Blaw  Steel  Face  Form,  Set  Up  for  Cond)ined 
Concrete  (iurb  and  Ciutter 


When  the  Blaie  System  is 

%/ 

used,  the  construction  of  com¬ 
bined  Concrete  Curb  and  Cutter 
t)ecomes  very  sirnpte,  and,  conse- 
quentty,  most  economicat. 

The  IJividinq  Ptates,  irhich 
make  this  possil)te,  are  inex¬ 
pensive  and  can  l)e  furnished  in 
any  desired  cross  section.  See 
pages  and  35. 


Twenty-four 


Blciiu£orm^  for  Roaci^  and  Strootsf 


Combined  Concrete  Curb  and  Gutter 

Construction 

For  combined  concrete  curb  and  gutter  construction,  Blaw 
Universal  Forms  are  used — the  same  forms  that  are  also  used 
for  curb,  gutter,  sidewalk,  pavement,  and  certain  types  of  road 
construction. 

The  l)ack  of  the  curb  is  made  up  either  of  a  single  Universal 
Form,  or  of  two  or  more  Universal  Forms  bolted  together,  one 
on  top  of  the  other. 

A  single  Universal  Form  is  used  for  the  gutter,  the  front  face 
of  the  curb  being  formed  either  by  a  wood,  or  by  a  Universal 
Form  or  a  Blaw  Steel  Face  Form. 

The  wood  face  form  is  held  in  position  by  means  of  clamps. 
We  do  not  furnish  wood  face  forms,  nor  the  clamps  which  are  of 
standard  design  and  can  be  purchased  in  any  hardware  store  or 
supply  house. 

Blaw  special  steel  Face  Forms,  instead  of  wood,  are  strongly 
recommended  as  they  eliminate  the  necessity  of  refmishing  or 
rubbing.  This  operation  is,  as  a  rule,  an  expensive  item,  calling 
for  skilled  workmen  who  are  frequently  unobtainable. 

Besides,  municipal  engineers  are  realizing  the  vital  importance 
of  doing  away  with  this  refmishing,  because  the  face  of  the  curb 
will  peel  and  crack,  due  to  poor  workmanship  and  frost  action. 

Blaw  Steel  Face  Forms,  of  any  design  or  shape,  can  be  fur¬ 
nished.  No  special  clamps  are  necessary;  the  standard  Blaw 
angle  Spacer,  described  on  page  13,  is  used  to  suspend  the  face 
form  from  the  back  of  the  curb  forms. 

Expansion  joints  in  the  concrete  are  taken  care  of  by  Blaw 
Dividing  Plates,  which  can  be  furnished  in  any  size  and  shape, 
as  described  on  page  35.  These  Dividing  Plates  (which  are 
removed  before  the  rails  forming  the  back  of  the  curb  and  the 
front  of  the  gutter)  serve  not  only  as  templets  to  strike  off  and 
finish  the  curb  and  gutter,  but  also  to  space  the  face  form  of 
the  curb. 


The  top  flange  of  every  Universal  Form  is  slotted  every  12", 
and  expansion  joints  can  be  made  wherever  desired. 


Twenty-five 


Blcrxuforzn^  £or  'Road^  cxnd  Streets 


Hlinv  IJniversnl  I'oriiis  on  Conihined  ( 'joncrcle  (lurh  and  (iiitter  (jonstrudion.  I^ocliestcr,  N.  ^  . 


lilaw  Steel  Faee  Forms 
will,  in  the  long  run,  always 
be  found  more  economieal 
than  u'ood,  and  can  be  fur¬ 
nished  for  any  style  of  curb 
face. 

The  lu'o  most  modern 
shapes  are  indicated  by 
Dividing  Plate  Types  Nos.  2 
and  d,  on  page  3 'i. 

loinbiiied  GoiuTele  (^urb  and  (uiller 


Twenty-six 


Blaxuforzn^  foz*  T^octd^  and  SireGtS 


Combined  Concrete  Curb  and  Gutter 
Construction  (concluded ) 

For  making  sharp  curves,  at  street  intersections,  and  wherever 
the  radius  changes  frequently,  Iflaw  Flexil)le  Forms  should  be 
used.  Flaw^  Radius  Forms  are  recommended  where  a  constant 
repetition  of  the  same  radius  is  encountered.  These  forms  are 
illustrated  on  pages  32  and  33. 

It  is  not  practical  to  use  Flexible  or  Radius  Forms  as  a  face 
form  for  the  curb,  in  the  construction  of  combined  curb  and 
gutter. 

For  combined  curb  and  gutter  construction,  the  fine  results 
obtained  at  low^  labor  cost  make  Rlaw'  Steel  Forms  an  indis¬ 
pensable  part  of  the  wide  awake  contractor’s  equipment. 

Blawforms,  jointly  used  with  Blaw'  Dividing  Plates,  make 
measurements  of  any  kind  unnecessary.  No  skilled  W'orkrnen 
are  required.  The  dividing  plates  lock  the  hack  forms  and 
gutter  forms  together,  assuring  a  uniform  and  true  curb  and 
gutter. 

In  operation  the  back  form  is  set  to  line  and  grade,  and  auto¬ 
matically  the  line  and  grade  and  shape  of  the  curb  and  gutter  is 
estal)lished. 

The  labor  saving  is  evident,  and  the  good  work  residting  is 
gratifying  to  the  conscientious  contractor  and  engineer. 

Concrete  Gutter  f^onstruction 

(ajiicrete  gutters  are  Iniilt  in  parks,  in  resideidial  districts,  and 
for  hillside  drainage. 

The  shape  of  the  gutter  varies  frequently,  hut  Blaw  Universal 
Forms  are  used  on  all  types. 

We  manufacture  a  special 
Gutter  Dividing  Plate  to  make  ^111^ 

the  expansion  joint  and,  at  the 
same  time,  to  serve  as  a  tem¬ 
plet  to  shape  the  gutter,  as 

...  .  *  ,  .  ,  10  Ft.  Section  of  Blaw  Universal  I* orms Set 

illustrated  at  the  light.  Up  for  Concrete  Gutter  Construction 


Twenty-seven 


BlaiufomiS  for  7^oad3  and  S^reetsf 


Concrete  Curb  and  Pavement  Built  Integral.  The  Most  Modern  Pavement  for  Residential  Districts 


10  F't.  Section  of  Blawforms  for 
Building  Curb  and  Pavement 
Integral 


Blaw  Steel  Face  Forms  are  indispensable 
in  this  type  of  construction,  particiitarty 
when  the  specifications  require  that  the  face 
of  the  curb  be  curved. 

They  obviate  the  use  of  special,  cumber¬ 
some,  extremely  expensive,  and  impracti¬ 
cable  wooden  forms. 


Twenty-eight 


Blaujfonn^  for  'Road^  and  Streotsf 


Building  Integral  Curb  for  Concrete 

Pavement 

Integral  Curb  for  Concrete  Pavements  is  a  recent  develop¬ 
ment  of  concrete  pavement  construction.  This  type  of  con¬ 
struction  saves  at  least  50%  of  the  cost  of  building  curb  or  curb 
and  gutter.  There  is  a  considerable  saving  in  time,  as  curb  and 
pavement  are  poured  simultaneously. 

Blaw  Universal,  or  Blaw  Special  Road  Forms  of  either  type, 
are  easily  adapted  to  this  type  of  construction.  As  illustrated 
on  the  opposite  page,  also  described  in  the  discussion  of  the  con¬ 
struction  of  integral  curb  and  base  for  Sand  Cushioned  Brick 
Roads  (page  13),  the  back  form  is  first  set  to  line  and  grade  and 
the  special  Blaw  Face  Form  is  then  suspended  by  means  of  the 
Blaw  angle  Spacer — no  stakes  or  braces  are  necessary. 

Where  the  pavement  is  mechanically  finished  or  is  finished  by 
belt,  the  back  form  is  built  up  of  two  sections,  generally  6"  each. 
The  bottom  form,  which  should  be  a  Special  Road  Form,  is  set  to 
line  and  grade,  the  pavement  is  poured  and  finished,  then  the 
curb  form  (a  Universal  Form)  is  bolted  on,  the  face  form  is  sus¬ 
pended  in  the  usual  manner  by  means  of  the  Spacers,  and  the 
curb  is  then  poured. 

The  setting  up  of  the  curb  forms  by  the  Blaw  Method  is  an 
extremely  simple  operation.  And  especially  when  the  recom¬ 
mended  curved  face  is  to  be  built,  the  indispensability  of  Blaw- 
forms  becomes  apparent.  The  saving  in  labor  is  definite  and 
often  considerable. 

The  Blaw  System  really  makes  possible  the  satisfactory  con¬ 
struction  of  Integral  Curb  for  Concrete  Pavements,  and  obviates 
the  use  of  the  special,  cumbersome,  extremely  expensive,  and 
impracticable  wood  forms  heretofore  required. 


Twenty-nine 


4"  Blaw  Universal  l''ortns  Used  in  Uonerele  Sidewalk  Uonslruetion.  I’iltslmrfr,  Kansas 


Blawl'onns  Set  Up  for  Concrete  Sidewalk, 
Beady  for  Concreting 


In  the  illuslralion  al  the 
left,  note  the  Bkue  Sideiealk 
Radius  Corners  and  method 
of  using.  At  least  one  .set  of 
these  Corners  should  he  found 
in  every  sideiealk  hiiilder's 
equipment. 

Dividinq  Plates  of  any 
U'idth  can  he  furnished  al  a 
nominal  price. 


Thirty 


BlaiuForiti^  for  l^oad^  and  Streetsf 


Concrete  Sidewalk  Construction 


For  Iniilding  concrete  sidewalks,  Blaw  Universal  Forms, 
described  in  detail  on  page  7,  are  used. 

When  the  contractor's  activities  are  confined  to  sidewalk 
construction,  an  equipment  of  4"  forms  will  prove  the  most 
economical.  In  some  localities  .5"  sidewalks  are  hnilt;  in  this 
case  either  1  x  4’s  are  bolted  to  the  bottom  flanges  of  the  4" 
Universal  Forms  (l)olt  holes  being  {provided  for  the  purpose),  or 
5"  Universal  Forms  are  used. 

Sidewalks  can  be  made  in  any  desired  width,  with  expansion 
joints  as  little  as  12"  apart.  (See  pages  34  and  35  regarding 
dividing  plates).  The  average  and  most  frecpiently  met  with 
sidewalk  widths  are  4  ft.  and  5  ft. 

Blawforms  for  sidewalks  have  proven  very  economical  because 
they  eliminate  the  ever  increasing  wood  form  l)ill. 

Wood  forms  are  a  constant  expense;  they  are  easily  lost,  and 
frequently  stolen.  They  must  be  rejdaced  as  soon  as  they  warp 
or  swell  or  wear.  They  can  be  re-nsed  only  a  limited  number  of 
times. 

Blawforms  on  the  other  liand  represent  an  investineni  in  per¬ 
manent  equipment.  They  last  for  years  with  ordinary  care. 
Blawforms  will  not  warj),  swell  nor  lose  their  sha])e.  They  stay 
straight  and  insure  perfect  alignment  at  small  exi)ense  and  effort. 


Blaw  Sidewalk  Radius  Corners 


The  sidewalk  Radius  Corner  is  a  simple,  flexible  form,  that 
(unlike  Blaw  Flexible  and  Radius  Forms)  connects  directly  to  the 
Universal  Forms,  being  set  up  at  the  same  time.  It  is  only  used 
for  sidewalk  curves. 

This  form  is  furnished  in  three  heights  only;  namely,  4",  5", 
and  6",  for  either  18"  or  24"  radius. 

For  larger  radii,  and  where  a  constant  repetition  of  the  same 
radius  is  encountered,  Blaw  Flexible  and  Blaw  Radius  Forms, 
respectively,  should  be  used. 


Thirty-one 


Blccui£omi^  for  IZoadsi  and  S^reotsf 


For  Curved  Work  of  this  Character  either  Blaw  Flexible  or  Radius  Forms  Should  be  Used 


There  is  not  one  type  of  road  or  street  work  on 
which  Ftexibte  or  Radius  PTrins  wilt  not  prove 
money  savers,  at  one  time  or  another. 


Blaw  Flexible  Forms  Set  Up  for 
Casting  a  Concrete  Curb  Corner 


Blaw  Radius  Forms  Set  Up  for  Casting  a 
Concrete  Curb  Corner 


Thirty-two 


BlctwForzii^  £or  Ttoad^  and  SireGt& 


Blaw  Flexible  and  Radius  Forms 

To  build  corners  for  street  intersections,  driveways,  curbs, 
combined  curb  and  gutter,  sidewalks,  or  roads  where  the  align¬ 
ment  changes  frequently,  Blaw  Flexible  or  Blaw  Radius  Forms 
are  used. 

Blaw  Flexible  Forms  are  made  from  single  pieces  of  special 
steel,  and  will  always  spring  back  to  the  flat  position  when  re¬ 
leased  from  the  form. 

They  are  furnished  in  all  standard  lengths  and  heights. 

The  stake  clips,  which  are  never  spaced  more  than  18"  apart, 
are  riveted  to  the  forms,  one  steel  stake  of  the  proper  length 
being  furnished  for  each  set  of  clips.  Drilled  angle  irons  are 
riveted  to  the  ends;  any  number  of  forms  can  be  bolted  together, 
end  to  end,  so  that  any  length  and  shape  of  form  can  be  made  up. 
They  cannot,  however,  be  bolted  together  one  on  top  of  the  other. 

Tlie  Flexible,  as  also  the  Radius  Forms  illustrated  on  the 
opposite  page,  are  set  up  for  the  construction  of  a  concrete  curb 
corner.  Note  the  dividing  plates  and  method  of  inserting. 

Blaw  Radius  Forms  are  used  where  a  constant  repetition  of 
the  same  radius  is  encountered. 

They  can  be  furnished  in  all  standard  lengths  and  heights. 

Blaw  Radius  Forms  are  made  from  single  sheets  of  special  steel, 
reinforced  on  top  and  bottom  edges  with  angle  irons  which  are 
rolled  to  the  proper  radius  and  riveted  thereto. 

They  are  also  reinforced  with  angle  irons  at  both  ends.  This 
makes  a  permanent,  rigid  form  which  cannot  be  used  on  any 
other  radius  except  that  for  which  it  is  furnished. 

The  top  and  bottom  angles  are  drilled  to  accommodate  the 
stakes  which  are  furnished  for  holding  the  form  in  the  proper 
position. 

Blaw  Flexible  and  Radius  Forms  can  be  used  in  connection 
with  Blaw  Universal  or  either  type  of  Special  Road  Forms  for 
building  curbs,  gutters,  combined  curb  and  gutter,  sidewalk, 
and  the  various  types  of  road  construction. 


mum 


Thirty-three 


Blawform^  for  T^oad^  and  Streets 


NO.  7 


NO.  8 


NO.  12 


Viirioiis  Types  of  Jilaw  Di\i(linK  Plates 


- 1  IMaiv  Collapsible  Dividing  Plale 
for  Bailer ed  Cone r el e  Curb  Con- 
slruclion,  in  posilion  in  Ike  forms, 
is  shown  in  Ihe  cenler  of  Ihe  illuslra- 
lion  al  Ihe  lefl,  Ihe  Iwo  paiis  of  which 
il  is  composed  being  shou'n  on  eilher 
side  of  Ihe  form. 


The  illustration  at  the  right  shows  the  operation — the  dotted  lines  indicating  how  it  is 
possible  to  remove  both  parts  of  the  plat(‘  without  disturbing  tlie  side  forms. 


Tliirty-four 


Blc[uj£(yrTn&  £or  Ractd^  and  Streets 


Blaw  Dividing  Plates 

Blaw  Dividing  Plates  are  made  of  high  carbon  steel  ])late, 
thick,  the  standard  thickness  of  expansion  joint  adopted  by 
engineers  all  over  the  country. 

They  can  be  furnished  in  any  desired  cross  section,  for  every 
type  of  sidewalk,  curb,  curb  and  gutter,  integral  curb  and  base, 
and  road  construction.  The  ty])es  illustrated  on  the  opposite 
page  are  those  in  common  usage;  we  are  prepared  to  furnish 
S})ecial  sizes  and  types. 

The  projections  which  are  die  cut  on  the  ends  of  the  Dividing 
Plates  serve  not  only  to  hold  the  })lates  in  position,  but  also  to 
S])ace  the  side  forms  the  proper  distance  a])art.  There  are  no 
wedges  or  complicated  arrangements — they  lit  snugly  in  the  slots 
provided  in  the  Universal  Forms,  and  will  not  wobble.  No 
stiffening  bars  are  needed  to  hold  them  straight  while  tamping. 

The  Dividing  Plates  do  not  project  above  the  side  forms,  and 
therefore  do  not  interfere  with  finishing  operations. 

After  the  concrete  has  had  its  initial  set,  hooks  are  inserted  in 
the  holes  at  the  top  corners  of  the  Dividing  Plates,  which  are 
then  withdrawn,  leaving  a  clean  cut  exj^ansion  joint.  Two  of 
these  hooks  are  supplied  with  all  orders  for  dividing  plates. 

Dividing  plates  should  always  be  removed  before  the  side 
forms,  which  allows  for  the  better  and  proper  finishing  of  the 
expansion  joints. 

For  haiiered  concrete  curb  construction  (which  heretofore 
required  the  removal  of  one  of  the  side  forms  l)efore  the  dividing 
plates,  which  are  wider  at  the  bottom  than  at  the  top,  could  be 
removed),  we  have  developed  the  patented  Blaw  Colla})sible 
Dividing  Plate,  which  can  be  removed  before  the  side  forms. 

The  use  of  the  Blaw  Collapsible  Dividing  Plate  is  urgently 
recommended,  particularly  on  battered  curbs  15"  high  and  over. 
The  removal  of  side  forms  before  the  divid¬ 
ing  plates  on  such  curbs  is  fraught  with 
danger,  and  often  results  in  distortion,  poor 
alignment,  bulging,  or  complete  failure. 

The  dividing  plate  slots  in  Universal 
Forms,  and  the  aj^plication  of  Blaw  Divid¬ 
ing  Plates  are  clearly  shown  in  the  illustra- 
tion  at  the  right. 

_ 


Thirty-five 


Blaw  Universal  Forms  “\\  ithout  Slots”  on  the  Dixie  Highway  Monolithic  Brick  Road 


Blaw  Stake  Clamp  in 
Position.  Note  its  Simple 
Construction,  and  its  Posi¬ 
tive  Grip  on  the  Stake 


The  Blaw  System  of  staking  etiminates  expensive 
bracing,  troubtesome  naiting,  and  stripping  wooden  stakes 
away  from  wooden  forms. 


Phis  Illustration  Shows  the  Appli¬ 
cation  of  Blaw  Stake  Clamps  and 
Stakes  to  a  Universal  Form  Where 
the  Grade  is  Low 


Thirty-six 


!Slcru//oT‘m3  /oz*  RocrdS  cxnd.  SireGt^ 


Blaw  Steel  Stakes 

Blaw  Steel  Stakes  are  used  to  line  up  and  hold  securely  in  posi¬ 
tion,  all  types  of  Blawforms  for  Road  and  Street  Construction. 

They  prevent  the  forms  from  shifting  when  the  concrete  is 
being  poured,  tamped  and  finished. 

One  steel  stake  of  the  proper  length  is  furnished  for  each  stake 
clip  or  stake  strap,  the  quantity  being  governed  by  the  length 
and  type  of  form.  Stakes  18"  long  are  usually  furnished  with 
all  Blaw  Special  Road  Forms.  Longer  stakes  can  be  furnished 
if  required,  particularly  for  use  in  soft  ground. 

For  Universal  Forms,  stakes  18"  long  are  included  with  forms 
up  to  10"  high;  for  12"  and  15"  forms,  the  stakes  are  24"  long; 
30"  long  for  18"  forms,  and  36"  long  for  20"  and  24"  forms. 

Blaw  Stakes  are  made  of  high  carbon  steel,  in  diameter, 
with  one  end  sharpened  to  facilitate  driving,  the  other  end  being 
beveled  to  prevent  brooming.  They  hold  securely  in  soft 
ground,  and  are  a  necessity  in  hard  ground  through  which  wood 
stakes  could  not  penetrate.  List  prices  of  Blawforms  for  Roads 
and  Streets  always  include  the  necessary  stakes.  Additional,  or 
extra  long  stakes,  can  be  furnished  at  a  nominal  price. 

In  operation,  the  Blawform  is  set  in  position  directly  against 
the  guide  line,  and  a  steel  stake  is  inserted  in  the  stake  clip  or 
strap;  a  few  blows,  and  the  form  is  securely  staked  and  held 
in  position.  For  exact  grade  the  form  is  moved  up  or  down 
along  the  stake  as  required;  a  little  dirt  or  a  stone  holds 
the  form  to  required  grade.  For  Universal  Forms  the  Blaw 
Stake  Clamps  can  be  used  to  suspend  to  grade.  For  the  Special 
Road  Forms  the  Blaw  Wedges  automatically  set  and  hold  the 
forms  to  grade. 

Blaw  Stake  Clamps 

Blaw  Stake  Clamps  are  used  for  holding  Universal  Forms  at 
the  proper  elevation  where  the  work  is  being  done  on  uneven 
ground,  or  the  grade  is  low.  They  are  composed  of  slotted  and  bent 
steel  straps,  with  tapered  keys,  as  illustrated  on  the  opposite  page. 

These  clamjis  are  simple,  and  easily  and  quickly  operated. 

Blaw  Stake  Pullers 

The  Blaw  Stake  Puller  illustrated  and  described  on  pages  18  and  19 
should  always  be  used  in  connection  with  Blawforms  for  Road  and  Street 
Construction. 

It  is  a  simple,  sturdy  little  device,  that  will  save  your  form  setters  from 
one  to  three  hours  per  day. 

_ 


Thirty-seven 


Blczw£orzn&  £br  7^acid3  and.  SireGi:3 


“In  re])ly  to  your  recent  letter  wish  to  say  your  forms  are 
})erfectly  satisfactory  in  every  respect. 

“We  wisli  to  say  that  you  are  the  only  people  in  the  road 
equipment  business  that  deliver  goods  when  agreed.” 


“We  have  used  your  Blaw  Special  Road  Forms  and  find  them 
to  he  all  that  you  claim,  and  you  can  be  assured  that  we  will  call 
upon  you  when,  in  the  market  again.” 


“Replying  to  your  letter  relative  to  the  satisfaction  given 
by  your  Rlaw  Special  Road  Forms  which  are  being  used  on  this 
contract,  will  say  that  they  have  proven  most  satisfactory  in 
every  respect. 

“The  only  troulde  having  been  encountered  by  us  has  l)een  in 
removing  the  stakes  from  hard  earth  without  the  Stake  Puller 
which  we  later  learned  you  furnish.” 


“In  answer  to  your  letter  of  recent  date  we  beg  to  inform  yon 
that  we  are  not  using  a  tamping  and  finishing  machine  on  our 
contract  as  yet,  but  in  every  respect  the  Special  Road  Forms 
have  proven  highly  satisfactory.” 


“We  cannot  speak  too  highly  of  these  forms,  for  in  some  in¬ 
stances  we  have  put  them  to  severe  tests,  and  in  each  case  they 
stood  the  test  in  every  respect. 

“Resides  being  a  great  ini])rovement  over  the  old  style  wooden 
forms,  they  are  easier  handled  in  setting,  and  also  in  removing 
same  from  the  cured  pavement. 

“We  are  always  sure  of  no  hold  up  in  our  work  on  account  of 
same  sagging,  breaking,  or  having  any  other  numerous  mishaps 
which  are  customary  with  the  wooden  form  proposition. 

“Since  having  these  forms  on  the  job,  we  would  not  think  of 
using  others.” 

(lines  and  addresses  furnished  on  request. 


Thirty-eight 


^lc[u/£oi:'zn&  for  l^oad[3  and  Streets 


What  Users  Think  of  Blawforms* 

“Your  steel  forms  for  18-inch  concrete  curb  have  proved 
satisfactory  in  every  respect. 

“The  18-inch  curb  made  up  of  one  rail,  is  preferable  for  the 
contractor  who  has  a  great  amount  of  18-inch  curb  to  lay,  but  for 
the  one  who  has  only  a  small  amount,  1  think  your  scheme  of 
bolting  three  6-inch  rails  is  better,  as  6-inch  rails  can  be  used  for 
sidewalk,  curb,  and  curb  and  gutter  work  of  other  sizes. 

“Again,  forms  built  up  of  two  or  three  6-inch  rails  bolted 
together  are  well  adapted  for  city  contract  work,  where  one  is 
lial)le,  as  here,  to  meet  rock  or  gas  pipes,  where  he  can  put  some¬ 
times  only  a  6-inch  or  12-inch  form.” 


“Since  receiving  your  Curb  and  Gutter  Forms  in  July,  we  have 
used  them  almost  continuously.  They  have  proved  to  be  just 
what  we  have  been  looking  for.  They  are  easy  to  set  up  and 
easy  to  remove  when  curb  and  gutter  have  been  made.  By  taking 
the  Curb  and  Gutter  Forms  apart  and  using  the  Sidewalk 
Dividing  Plates,  we  have  an  excellent  set  of  sidewalk  forms. 

“The  forms  now  are  in  as  good  condition  as  when  received,  thus 
showing  us  the  durability  of  steel  forms.  Under  the  present  out¬ 
look,  we  expect  to  make  another  order  for  Curb  and  Gutter 
Forms  of  you  before  the  next  season  opens.” 


“We  have  been  using  your  steel  sidewalk  forms  for  two  years 
and  find  them  to  be  all  that  you  claim.  It  is  no  trouble  to  keep 
a  walk  in  line  and  grade,  and  they  can  be  set  up  in  about  one- 
fourth  the  time  required  to  set  and  stake  wooden  forms. 

“Clean  cut  expansion  joints  are  much  better  and  more  sightly 
than  joints  of  cardboard  or  paper  required  with  the  wooden 
forms,  and  can  be  made  in  a  great  deal  less  time. 

“We  consider  the  cost  of  form  setting  about  one-fourth  that 
of  wooden  forms,  and  our  steel  forms,  after  two  years,  show  no 
appreciable  wear.” 

*Names  and  addresses  furnished  on  request. 

_ 


Thirty-nine 


^lctiu£orzn^  for  Tl,0€xd3  and  Streets 


Blawfomis  for  Culverts 


Bla^Y  steel  Culvert  Forms  meet  the  standards  of  practically 
every  active  road  building  state  in  the  union. 

The  Blaw  Adjustable  Box  Culvert  Form  is  truly  adjustable  as 
well  as  collapsible,  and  can  be  furnished  for  making  any  one 
size  or  any  range  of  sizes  of  culverts  from  2'  x  3'  to  10'  x  12'. 

For  small  culverts,  the  forms  for  which  must  be  mechanically 
collapsed  from  the  outside  after  the  concrete  has  set,  we  have 
developed  two  types  of  Blaw  Small  Culvert  Forms  for  culverts 
12"xl8"up  to  Tl"x21". 

Our  engineers  will,  at  your  request,  be  pleased  to  recommend 
the  most  economical  equipment  for  your  requirements. 

V  rite  for  literature  and  data. 


10  Ft.  Section  of  Blaw  Adjust-  10  Ft.  Section  of  Blaw  Small  10  Ft.  Section  of  Blaw  Small 
able  Box  Culvert  Form  Culvert  Form,  Type  .\  Culvert  Form,  Type  B 

- _ — _ 


Forty 


BlcuuForm^  lor  Road ^  and  Strootsf 


Blaw  ^Mixing  Boxes 


The  Blaw  Mixing  Box  is  Made  Entirely  of  Steel,  and  Will  Not  Leak.  The  Inside 
Surface  is  Absolutely  Smooth,  and  there  are  no  Rivets  nor  Bolts  Protruding 

Wherever  used,  the  Blaw  steel  Mixing  Box  quickly  becomes  a 
very  valuable  j)art  of  the  contractor's  regular  equipment. 

It  is  light  and  easily  transported  from  jol)  to  job  (it  just  fits 
into  an  ordinary  wagon  or  truck  bed)  yet  is  very  solid  and 
dependable. 

Its  cost  is  not  much  more  ('if  any)  than  the  cost  of  a  good 
wooden  mixing  box;  yet  one  steel  box  will  outlast  ten  or  twelve 
wooden  boxes.  It  is  made  of  Xo.  14  gauge  steel  plate,  and  weighs 
but  160  pounds. 

Consider  first  its  small  cost,  then  the  actual  saving  in  time, 
labor  and  lumber.  You  can  readily  see  that  a  Blaw  steel  Mixing 
Box  will  pay  for  itself  in  a  very  short  time. 

Quality  and  service  govern  the  construction  of  the  Blaw  steel 
M  ixing  Box.  It  is  9'  long,  3'  3"  wide  and  9"  high.  This  size 
was  determined  upon  only  after  a  most  searching  examination 
into  the  contractors’  needs. 

The  wide  flange  around  the  top,  combined  with  its  light  weight 
(two  men  can  very  easily  carry  it)  make  very  easy  handling. 

The  convenience  of  having  such  a  mixing  box  iTisfantly  avail¬ 
able  for  every  job  you  underlake  should  surely  appeal  to  you. 

The  sides  are  vertical  and  the  ends  sloping,  which,  with  the 
rounded  edges  at  the  bottom,  makes  shoveling  and  mixing  very 
easy. 

It  is  very  easily  cleaned,  and  is  so  strongly  constructed  that  it 
will  stand  the  hardest  kind  of  service  for  years. 


Forty-one 


Blctuj£omi^  for  'Roctd^  azxd  StrGotsf 


Blawforms  in  Creneral 


Blaw  Light  Wall  Forms  Being  Used  in  Building  the  Concrete 
Foundations  for  an  Industrial  Village  of  1000  Houses 


From  sewers  to  subways,  from  sidewalks  to  skyscrapers,  there 
are  Iflawforms  for  every  type  of  concrete  construction. 

Ever  since  their  introduction,  Blawforms  have  been  used  on 
every  noteworthy  engineering  project:  the  Panama  Canal,  New 
York  State  Barge  Canal,  New  York  Aqueduct,  Winnipeg  Aque¬ 
duct,  Calumet-Sag  Channel,  the  sewer  systems  of  our  large  cities, 
etc.,  and  for  general  concrete  construction,  by  all  the  leading 
industrial  plants,  railroads,  engineers  and  contractors. 

Just  remember  that  there  are  Blawforms  for  every  type  of  con¬ 
crete  construction!  And  while  it  is  not  economically  practicable 
to  use  steel  forms  on  all  jobs,  yet  there  are  very  few  on  which  our 
engineers  cannot  show  you,  in  black  and  wliile,  a  very  material 
saving  in  time,  labor  and  money. 

If  you  liave  any  work  on  hand,  or  are  bidding  on  a  job,  send  us 
the  details  (blue  prints  also,  if  you  have  them),  and  we  will 
promptly  and  frankly  tell  you  whether  or  not  Blawforms  will 
save  yon  money. 

The  Blawforms  Engineers  are  all  practical  men,  recruited  from 
the  field  their  service  and  experience,  acquired  by  intimate 
contact  with  thousands  upon  thousands  of  projects,  are  at  your 
disposal,  at  all  times,  without  obligation  to  you. 

Write  for  the  Blawforms  Book — it  contains  128  pages  of  illus¬ 
trations  and  data  of  vital  interest. 


Forty-two 


Blcciu£omi^  for  l^oad^  and  Streets 


Tlie  Blaw  Power-Wheel  Bucket 


Blaw  Power-Wheel  Bucket  Handling  Road  Building  Materials 

The  Power- Wheel  is  a  light  but  extremely  powerful  all  around 
bucket,  particularly  adapted  to  road  building  work. 

In  ordinary  buckets  of  this  type  the  “bull  wheel”  is  mounted 
on  the  main  hinge  pin,  in  which  position  it  rests  on  the  material 
when  the  scoops  are  wide  open,  holding  the  bucket  off  the  pile 
and,  when  partially  closed,  seriously  interfering  with  the  picking 
up  of  a  reasonably  sized  load. 

These  defects  are  overcome  in  the  Blaw  Power-Wheel  Bucket 
by  mounting  the  wheel  above  the  axis  of  the  main  hinge.  This 
arrangement  keeps  the  wheel  well  out  of  the  material  being 
handled,  enables  the  bucket  to  open  out  wider  than  is  commonly 
possible  in  buckets  of  this  kind,  and  permits  the  use  of  a  larger 
power  wheel. 

Write  for  literature  and  prices. 

Blaw-Knox  Company  manufactures  clamshell  buckets  for  every 
kind  of  service  in  ivhich  clamshells  can  be  used  with  economy.  On 
receipt  of  information  regarding  your  work  ive  will  gladly  send  full 
descriptive  matter  on  the  Blaw  Bucket  which  meets  your  particular 
requirements. 

_ 


Forty-three 


Blaxu/ojrm^  for  Road3  and  S^reotsf 


Products  of  the  Blaw-Knox  Company 


Home  of  Blaw-Knox  Products,  which  has  been  Quadrupled  in  Size  Since 

this  View  was  Made 


FABRICATED  STEEL 

Fabricated  steel,  one  of  the  principal  products  of  Blaw-Knox  Company,  includes  mill 
buildings,  manufacturing  plants,  standardized  sectional  steel  buildings,  bridges,  crane 
runways,  trusses  and  other  construction  of  a  highly  fabricated  nature. 

A  corps  of  highly  trained  engineers  is  maintained  for  consulting  and  designing  services. 

TRANSMISSION  TOWERS 

Four  legged  straight  line  or  suspension  towers,  anchor  and  dead  end  towers,  latticed  and 
channel  A-frames,  river  crossing  towers,  outdoor  substations,  switching  stations,  signal 
towers,  steel  poles,  derrick  towers. 

We  specialize  in  the  design  and  fabrication  of  high  tension  transmission  lines. 

PLATE  WORK 

Riveted,  pressed  and  welded  steel  plate  products  of  every  description,  including;  accumu¬ 
lators;  agitators;  water  boshes;  annealing  boxes;  containers;  digesters;  fdters;  flumes; 
gear  guards;  kettles;  ladles;  pans;  penstocks;  air  receivers;  stacks;  standpipes;  miscel¬ 
laneous  tanks;  miscellaneous  Ijlast  furnace  work;  etc. 

BLAW  BUCKETS 

Clamshell  buckets  and  automatic  cableway  plants  for  digging  and  rehandling  earth;  sand; 
gravel;  coal;  ore;  limestone;  tin  scrap;  slag;  cinders;  fertilizers;  rock  products;  etc.. 

For  installation  on  derricks;  overhead  and  locomotive  cranes;  monorails;  dredges; 
steam  shovels;  ditchers;  cableways;  ships  for  handling  cargo  and  coal;  etc. 

BLAWFORMS 

Steel  forms  for  every  type  of  concrete  construction;  aqueducts;  bridges;  cisterns; 
columns;  culverts;  curbs  and  gutters;  dams;  factories;  floors;  foundations;  houses; 
locks;  manholes;  piers;  pipe;  reservoirs;  roads;  sewers;  shafts;  sidewalks;  subways; 
tanks;  tunnels;  viaducts;  retaining  walls;  warehouses;  etc. 

FURNACE  APPLIANCES 

Knox  patented  water  cooled  doors,  door  frames,  front  and  back  wall  coolers,  ports,  re¬ 
versing  valves,  etc.,  for  Open  Hearth,  Glass,  and  Copper  Furnaces;  water  cooled  standings, 
shields,  boshes,  etc.,  for  Sheet  and  Tin  Mills. 


THE  EDDY  PRESS  CORPORATION 
PITTSBURGH 


